openResty中ngx_lua模块提供的API

ngx_lua模块的原理：

  1. 每个worker（工作进程）创建一个Lua VM，worker内所有协程共享VM；
  2. 将Nginx I/O原语封装后注入 Lua VM，允许Lua代码直接访问；
  3. 每个外部请求都由一个Lua协程处理，协程之间数据隔离；
  4. Lua代码调用I/O操作等异步接口时，会挂起当前协程（并保护上下文数据），而不阻塞worker；
  5. I/O等异步操作完成时还原相关协程上下文数据，并继续运行

系列文章：
指令：openResty中ngx_lua模块提供的指令
常量：openResty中ngx_lua模块提供的常量
API：openResty中ngx_lua模块提供的API

三、API

3.1 print

语法: print(…)
模块: init_by_lua*, init_worker_by_lua*, set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

等同于：

ngx.log(ngx.NOTICE, ...)

 3.2 ngx.ctx

作用域: init_worker_by_lua*, set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*

仅在同一个请求内全局，或者可以理解为同一个location内

 location /sub {
     content_by_lua_block {
         ngx.say("sub pre: ", ngx.ctx.blah)
         ngx.ctx.blah = 32
         ngx.say("sub post: ", ngx.ctx.blah)
     }
 }

 location /main {
     content_by_lua_block {
         ngx.ctx.blah = 73
         ngx.say("main pre: ", ngx.ctx.blah)
         local res = ngx.location.capture("/sub") //发起新的子请求
         ngx.print(res.body)
         ngx.say("main post: ", ngx.ctx.blah)
     }
 }
main pre: 73
sub pre: nil
sub post: 32
main post: 73

3.3 ngx.location.capture、ngx.location.capture_multi

语法: res = ngx.location.capture(uri, options?)
语法: res1, res2, … = ngx.location.capture_multi({ {uri, options?}, {uri, options?}, … })
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

例如：

local res = ngx.location.capture(uri, options)

res.status:
res.header:返回头部信息，如 res.header["Set-Cookie"]，返回{"a=3","foo=bar","baz=blah"}
res.body:
res.truncated:

options:

method:
body:
args:
ctx:
vars:
copy_all_vars:
share_all_vars:
always_forward_body:

参考：openResty中的ngx.location.capture和ngx.location.capture_multi的使用

3.4 ngx.status

作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*

设置 nginx的输出status.

3.5 ngx.header.HEADER、ngx.resp.get_headers

语法: ngx.header.HEADER = VALUE
语法: value = ngx.header.HEADER
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*

设置 nginx的输出header.

示例：

ngx.header.content_type = 'text/plain'; --等于 ngx.header["Content-Type"] = 'text/plain'
ngx.header["X-My-Header"] = 'blah blah'; --等于 ngx.header.x_my_header = 'blah blah'

删除示例：

ngx.header["X-My-Header"] = nil;
ngx.header["X-My-Header"] = {};

语法: headers = ngx.resp.get_headers(max_headers?, raw?)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, balancer_by_lua*

获取所有的响应头。

local headers = ngx.resp.get_headers()
for k, v in pairs(headers) do
    ngx.say(k,":", v)
end

 3.6 ngx.req.raw_header、ngx.req.get_headers

语法: str = ngx.req.raw_header(no_request_line?)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*

获取请求头部信息，返回字符串。

local header = ngx.req.raw_header()
local header_no_request_line = ngx.req.raw_header(true)
ngx.say(header)
ngx.say(header_no_request_line)

输出：

GET /app/detail HTTP/1.1
Host: xopen.100.com:8080
User-Agent: curl/7.43.0
Accept: */*


Host: xopen.100.com:8080
User-Agent: curl/7.43.0
Accept: */*

语法: headers = ngx.req.get_headers(max_headers?, raw?)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*

获取请求头部信息，返回table。

参数：max_headers，限制获取数量，默认100，0为不限制。
参数：raw，是否大小写，默认为false。详细看下面的栗子。

local h = ngx.req.get_headers(10)
for k, v in pairs(h) do
   ngx.say(k..":"..v)
end
ngx.say(h["User-Agent"]) --curl/7.43.0
ngx.say(h["user-agent"]) --curl/7.43.0
ngx.say(h.user_agent) --curl/7.43.0
ngx.say(h.User_Agent) --curl/7.43.0

local h = ngx.req.get_headers(10,true)
for k, v in pairs(h) do
   ngx.say(k..":"..v)
end
ngx.say(h["User-Agent"]) --curl/7.43.0
ngx.say(h["user-agent"]) -- nil
ngx.say(h.user_agent) -- nil
ngx.say(h.User_Agent) -- nil

输出：

host:xopen.100.com:8080
accept:*/*
user-agent:curl/7.43.0
curl/7.43.0
curl/7.43.0
curl/7.43.0
curl/7.43.0

Host:xopen.100.com:8080
User-Agent:curl/7.43.0
Accept:*/*
curl/7.43.0
nil
nil
nil

3.7 ngx.req.is_internal

语法: is_internal = ngx.req.is_internal()
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*

判断是否nginx内部跳转，等于 false表示为外部请求。

3.8 ngx.req.start_time

语法: secs = ngx.req.start_time()
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*

计算请求的执行时间，可以模拟nginx中的 $request_time

ngx.update_time()
local request_time = ngx.now() - ngx.req.start_time()

tips 01:在openResty中的时间都是缓存时间(同一个请求内)，必须使用 ngx.update_time() 更新后，才能获取到当前的准确时间。

tips 02：使用该方法也可以比较下 lua_code_cache 开启和关闭时，请求执行的时间。比较后发现相差很多噢….

tips 03：有一个困惑，如下代码：

local a = 0
for i = 1, 100, 1 do
   a = a + 1
end
ngx.update_time()
local request_time = ngx.now() - ngx.req.start_time()
ngx.say(ngx.now())
ngx.say(ngx.req.start_time())
ngx.say(request_time)

输出：

1511859137.633
1511859137.631
0.0019998550415039 --相减后成这样的勒！！

3.9 ngx.today、ngx.time、ngx.now、ngx.update_time、ngx.localtime、ngx.utctime、ngx.cookie_time、ngx.http_time、ngx.parse_http_time

作用域: init_worker_by_lua*, set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

语法: str = ngx.today()

local today = ngx.today()
ngx.say(today) -- 2017-11-28

语法: secs = ngx.time()

local secs = ngx.time()
ngx.say(secs)  -- 1511859418

语法: secs = ngx.now()

local secs = ngx.now()
ngx.say(secs) -- 1511859590.807

语法: ngx.update_time()

tips 04：更新当前请求内的缓存时间，但ngx.req.start_time不会被更新。

语法: str = ngx.localtime()

local date = ngx.localtime()
ngx.say(date) -- 2017-11-28 09:02:13

语法: str = ngx.utctime()

local date = ngx.utctime()
ngx.say(date) -- 2017-11-28 09:02:13

语法: str = ngx.cookie_time(sec)

返回cookie过期时间的字符串。

local date = ngx.cookie_time(ngx.time())
ngx.say(date) -- Tue, 28-Nov-17 09:20:13 GMT

语法: str = ngx.http_time(sec)

返回http头部的Date的字符串。我们可以看到响应的头部都会有一个Date，就是这个东东生成的字符串。

local date = ngx.http_time(ngx.time())
ngx.say(date) -- Tue, 28 Nov 2017 09:22:24 GMT

语法: sec = ngx.parse_http_time(str)

格式化字符串，返回时间戳或nil.

local date = ngx.parse_http_time("Tue, 28 Nov 2017 09:24:32 GMT")
ngx.say(date)

3.10 ngx.req.http_version

语法: num = ngx.req.http_version()
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*

返回请求协议的版本。

local http_protocol = ngx.req.http_version()
ngx.say(http_protocol) -- 1.1

3.11 ngx.req.get_method、ngx.req.set_method

语法: method_name = ngx.req.get_method()
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, balancer_by_lua*

获取当前请求的方法。例如 GET、POST

语法: ngx.req.set_method(method_id)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*

设置子请求的方法。注意参数是method的id，即必须使用ngx.HTTP_GET、ngx.HTTP_POST设置，具体可参考：openResty中ngx_lua模块提供的常量

3.12 ngx.req.set_uri、ngx.req.set_uri_args

tips 05：这是一组非常实用的API，完全可以替换nginx中rewrite模块。主要应用在 rewrite_by_lua*模块内。

语法: ngx.req.set_uri(uri, jump?)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*

语法: ngx.req.set_uri_args(args)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*

ngx.req.set_uri("/foo", true) 
相当于 rewrite ^ /foo last;
ngx.req.set_uri("/foo", false) 
相当于 rewrite ^ /foo break; 
相当于 ngx.req.set_uri("/foo")

示例：

location /test {
     rewrite_by_lua_block {
         local uri = ngx.re.sub(ngx.var.uri, "^/test/(.*)", "/$1", "o")
         ngx.req.set_uri(uri)
     }
     proxy_pass http://my_backend;
 }
rewrite ^ /foo?a=3? last; 
相当于
ngx.req.set_uri_args("a=3")
ngx.req.set_uri("/foo", true)
相当于
ngx.req.set_uri_args({a = 3})
ngx.req.set_uri("/foo", true)

 示例：

location /test {
    set_by_lua_block $res {
        ngx.req.set_uri_args({a=1,aa=11})
        ngx.req.set_uri(ngx.var.uri.."/set_lua_by_block")
    }
    rewrite_by_lua_block {
        ngx.req.set_uri_args({b=2,bb=22})
        ngx.req.set_uri(ngx.var.uri.."/rewrite_lua_by_block")
    }
    access_by_lua_block {
        ngx.req.set_uri_args({c=3,cc=33})
        ngx.req.set_uri(ngx.var.uri.."/access_by_lua_block")
    }
    content_by_lua_block {
        local args = ngx.req.get_uri_args()
        for k, v in pairs(args) do
            ngx.say(k,":",v)
        end
        ngx.say(ngx.var.uri)
    }
}

输出：

cc:33
c:3
/test/set_lua_by_block/rewrite_lua_by_block/access_by_lua_block

下面是一个nginx的rewrite的代码

rewrite ^/$                             /index.php              break;
rewrite ^/index\.html$                  /index.php              break;
rewrite ^/case\.html$                   /vcase.php              break;
rewrite ^/case/([0-9a-zA-Z]+)\.html$    /vcase.php?iid=$1       break;
rewrite ^/mobile\.html$                 /vmobile.php            break;
rewrite ^/email\.html$                  /vemail.php             break;
rewrite ^/mail\.html$                   /vmail.php              break;
rewrite ^/mail/([0-9a-zA-Z]+)\.html$    /vmail.php?iid=$1       break;
rewrite ^/hosting\.html$                /vhosting.php           break;
rewrite ^/flow\.html$                   /vflow.php              break;
rewrite ^/news\.html$                   /vnews.php              break;
rewrite ^/news/([0-9a-zA-Z]+)/?$        /vnews.php?do=$1        break;
rewrite ^/news/([0-9a-zA-Z]+)/([0-9a-zA-Z]+)\.html$  /vnews.php?do=$1&iid=$2    break;

使用ngx_lua替换：

local rules = {
   ["^/$"]                                        = "/php/index.php",
   ["^/index.html$"]                              = "/php/index.php",
   ["^/case.html$"]                               = "/php/vcase.php",
   ["^/case/([0-9a-zA-Z]+).html$"]                = "/php/vcase.php?iid=$1",
   ["^/mobile.html$"]                             = "/php/vmobile.php",
   ["^/email.html$"]                              = "/php/vemail.php",
   ["^/mail.html$"]                               = "/php/vmail.php",
   ["^/mail/([0-9a-zA-Z]+).html$"]                = "/php/vmail.php?iid=$1",
   ["^/hosting.html$"]                            = "/php/vhosting.php",
   ["^/flow.html$"]                               = "/php/vflow.php",
   ["^/news.html$"]                               = "/php/vnews.php",
   ["^/news/([0-9a-zA-Z]+).html$"]                = "/php/vnews.php?do=$1",
   ["^/news/([0-9a-zA-Z]+)/([0-9a-zA-Z]+).html$"] = "/php/vnews.php?do=$1&iid=$2",
}

local replaceUri = ""
for pattern, replace in pairs(rules) do
   local uri, n, _ = ngx.re.sub(ngx.var.uri, pattern, replace, "jo")
   if n > 0 then
      replaceUri = uri
      break
   end
end
if replaceUri ~= "" then
   local splits = string:split(replaceUri, "?")
   if splits[2] then
      ngx.req.set_uri_args(splits[2])
   end
   ngx.req.set_uri(splits[1],true)
end

ngx的正则表达式参考：openResty中正则表达式的使用

注：虽然看上去使用 ngx_lua更复杂了，但碰到复杂的 rewrite 的时，就派上大用场了。

3.13 ngx.req.get_uri_args、ngx.req.get_post_args

语法: args = ngx.req.get_uri_args(max_args?)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, balancer_by_lua*

接收url中的query参数，默认接受最大的参数个数是100。

语法: args, err = ngx.req.get_post_args(max_args?)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*

接收POST中query参数，默认接受最大的参数个数是100。

结论：

注意Mime Type 必需是 application/x-www-form-urlencoded ，在调用该函数前必需先调用 
ngx.req.read_body 或者在nginx.conf中开启 lua_need_request_body.

 3.14 ngx.req.set_header、ngx.req.clear_header

语法: ngx.req.set_header(header_name, header_value)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*

设置子请求的header.

ngx.req.set_header("X-Foo", nil)
等同于
ngx.req.clear_header("X-Foo")

语法: ngx.req.clear_header(header_name)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*

清除子请求的header.

3.15
ngx.req.read_body、ngx.req.discard_body、ngx.req.get_body_data、ngx.req.get_body_file、ngx.req.set_body_data、ngx.req.set_body_file、ngx.req.init_body、ngx.req.append_body、ngx.req.finish_body

参考：openResty中请求体(request body)的设置与读取

3.16 ngx.req.socket

参考：openResty中cosocket的控制

3.17 ngx.exec、ngx.redirect

语法: ngx.exec(uri, args?)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

ngx.exce仅限nginx内部跳转。

例如：

ngx.exec('/some-location');
ngx.exec('/some-location', 'a=3&b=5&c=6');
ngx.exec('/some-location?a=3&b=5', 'c=6');

 例如：

location /foo {
     content_by_lua_block {
         ngx.exec("@bar", "a=goodbye");
     }
 }

 location @bar {
     content_by_lua_block {
         local args = ngx.req.get_uri_args()
         for key, val in pairs(args) do
             if key == "a" then
                 ngx.say(val)
             end
         end
     }
 }

语法: ngx.redirect(uri, status?)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

支持内部 / 外部跳转。注意和ngx.exec的区别。

return ngx.redirect("/foo")
return ngx.redirect("/foo", ngx.HTTP_MOVED_TEMPORARILY)
return ngx.redirect("http://www.google.com")
return ngx.redirect("/foo", 301)

3.18 ngx.send_headers、ngx.headers_sent

语法: ok, err = ngx.send_headers()
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

语法: value = ngx.headers_sent
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

3.19  ngx.print、ngx.say、ngx.flush、ngx.sleep

语法: ok, err = ngx.print(…)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

语法: ok, err = ngx.say(…)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

语法: ok, err = ngx.flush(wait?)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

语法: ngx.sleep(seconds)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*

3.20 ngx.exit、ngx.eof

语法: ngx.exit(status)
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

中断请求。

语法: ok, err = ngx.eof()
作用域: rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*

显式指定响应输出流的结束。

ngx.exit() 和 ngx.eof()的区别：

本质区别在于ngx.exit()作用在于中断当前操作，不管是ngx-lua模块请求处理的当前阶段还是整个请求，
而 ngx.eof（） 只是结束响应流的输出，中断HTTP连接，后面的代码逻辑还会继续在服务端执行，
而且 ngx.eof（）支持运行的上下文比  ngx.exit（）少太多， ngx.eof（） 有返回值，
ngx.exit（）则没有，因为请求已经结束。

3.21 ngx.log

语法: ngx.log(log_level, …)
作用域: init_by_lua*, init_worker_by_lua*, set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

3.22 ngx.escape_uri、ngx.unescape_uri

语法: newstr = ngx.escape_uri(str)
作用域: init_by_lua*, init_worker_by_lua*, set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

语法: newstr = ngx.unescape_uri(str)
作用域: init_by_lua*, init_worker_by_lua*, set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*

3.23 ngx.encode_args、ngx.decode_args

语法: str = ngx.encode_args(table)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*

语法: table = ngx.decode_args(str, max_args?)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

3.24 ngx.encode_base64、ngx.decode_base64

语法: newstr = ngx.encode_base64(str, no_padding?)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

语法: newstr = ngx.decode_base64(str)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

3.25 ngx.crc32_short、ngx.crc32_long

语法: intval = ngx.crc32_short(str)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

语法: intval = ngx.crc32_long(str)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

3.26 ngx.hmac_sha1、ngx.sha1_bin

语法: digest = ngx.hmac_sha1(secret_key, str)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

语法: digest = ngx.sha1_bin(str)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

3.27 ngx.md5、ngx.md5_bin

语法: digest = ngx.md5(str)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

语法: digest = ngx.md5_bin(str)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

3.28 ngx.quote_sql_str

语法: quoted_value = ngx.quote_sql_str(raw_value)
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*, ngx.timer.*, balancer_by_lua*, ssl_certificate_by_lua*, ssl_session_fetch_by_lua*, ssl_session_store_by_lua*

3.29 ngx.is_subrequest

语法: value = ngx.is_subrequest
作用域: set_by_lua*, rewrite_by_lua*, access_by_lua*, content_by_lua*, header_filter_by_lua*, body_filter_by_lua*, log_by_lua*

3.30 ngx.shared.DICT

用法参考：openResty中ngx.shared.DICT的用法

 

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