一、variables预览
# mysql -u root -p mysql> show variables; +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------+ | auto_increment_increment | 1 | | auto_increment_offset | 1 | | autocommit | ON | | automatic_sp_privileges | ON | | back_log | 50 | | basedir | /usr/ | | big_tables | OFF | | binlog_cache_size | 32768 | | binlog_direct_non_transactional_updates | OFF | | binlog_format | STATEMENT | | bulk_insert_buffer_size | 8388608 | | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/| | collation_connection | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci | | collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci | | completion_type | 0 | | concurrent_insert | 1 | | connect_timeout | 10 | | datadir | /var/lib/mysql/ | | date_format | %Y-%m-%d | | datetime_format | %Y-%m-%d %H:%i:%s | | default_week_format | 0 | | delay_key_write | ON | | delayed_insert_limit | 100 | | delayed_insert_timeout | 300 | | delayed_queue_size | 1000 | | div_precision_increment | 4 | | engine_condition_pushdown | ON | | error_count | 0 | | event_scheduler | OFF | | expire_logs_days | 0 | | flush | OFF | | flush_time | 0 | | foreign_key_checks | ON | | ft_boolean_syntax | + -><()~*:""&| | | ft_max_word_len | 84 | | ft_min_word_len | 4 | | ft_query_expansion_limit | 20 | | ft_stopword_file | (built-in) | | general_log | OFF | | general_log_file | /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.log| | group_concat_max_len | 1024 | | have_community_features | YES | | have_compress | YES | | have_crypt | YES | | have_csv | YES | | have_dynamic_loading | YES | | have_geometry | YES | | have_innodb | YES | | have_ndbcluster | NO | | have_openssl | DISABLED | | have_partitioning | YES | | have_query_cache | YES | | have_rtree_keys | YES | | have_ssl | DISABLED | | have_symlink | DISABLED | | hostname | localhost.localdomain | | identity | 0 | | ignore_builtin_innodb | OFF | | init_connect | | | init_file | | | init_slave | | | innodb_adaptive_hash_index | ON | | innodb_additional_mem_pool_size | 1048576 | | innodb_autoextend_increment | 8 | | innodb_autoinc_lock_mode | 1 | | innodb_buffer_pool_size | 8388608 | | innodb_checksums | ON | | innodb_commit_concurrency | 0 | | innodb_concurrency_tickets | 500 | | innodb_data_file_path | ibdata1:10M:autoextend | | innodb_data_home_dir | | | innodb_doublewrite | ON | | innodb_fast_shutdown | 1 | | innodb_file_io_threads | 4 | | innodb_file_per_table | OFF | | innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit | 1 | | innodb_flush_method | | | innodb_force_recovery | 0 | | innodb_lock_wait_timeout | 50 | | innodb_locks_unsafe_for_binlog | OFF | | innodb_log_buffer_size | 1048576 | | innodb_log_file_size | 5242880 | | innodb_log_files_in_group | 2 | | innodb_log_group_home_dir | ./ | | innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct | 90 | | innodb_max_purge_lag | 0 | | innodb_mirrored_log_groups | 1 | | innodb_open_files | 300 | | innodb_rollback_on_timeout | OFF | | innodb_stats_method | nulls_equal | | innodb_stats_on_metadata | ON | | innodb_support_xa | ON | | innodb_sync_spin_loops | 20 | | innodb_table_locks | ON | | innodb_thread_concurrency | 8 | | innodb_thread_sleep_delay | 10000 | | innodb_use_legacy_cardinality_algorithm | ON | | insert_id | 0 | | interactive_timeout | 28800 | | join_buffer_size | 131072 | | keep_files_on_create | OFF | | key_buffer_size | 8384512 | | key_cache_age_threshold | 300 | | key_cache_block_size | 1024 | | key_cache_division_limit | 100 | | language | /usr/share/mysql/english/| | large_files_support | ON | | large_page_size | 0 | | large_pages | OFF | | last_insert_id | 0 | | lc_time_names | en_US | | license | GPL | | local_infile | ON | | locked_in_memory | OFF | | log | OFF | | log_bin | OFF | | log_bin_trust_function_creators | OFF | | log_bin_trust_routine_creators | OFF | | log_error | /var/log/mysqld.log | | log_output | FILE | | log_queries_not_using_indexes | OFF | | log_slave_updates | OFF | | log_slow_queries | OFF | | log_warnings | 1 | | long_query_time | 10.000000 | | low_priority_updates | OFF | | lower_case_file_system | OFF | | lower_case_table_names | 0 | | max_allowed_packet | 1048576 | | max_binlog_cache_size | 18446744073709547520 | | max_binlog_size | 1073741824 | | max_connect_errors | 10 | | max_connections | 3000 | | max_delayed_threads | 20 | | max_error_count | 64 | | max_heap_table_size | 16777216 | | max_insert_delayed_threads | 20 | | max_join_size | 18446744073709551615 | | max_length_for_sort_data | 1024 | | max_long_data_size | 1048576 | | max_prepared_stmt_count | 16382 | | max_relay_log_size | 0 | | max_seeks_for_key | 18446744073709551615 | | max_sort_length | 1024 | | max_sp_recursion_depth | 0 | | max_tmp_tables | 32 | | max_user_connections | 0 | | max_write_lock_count | 18446744073709551615 | | min_examined_row_limit | 0 | | multi_range_count | 256 | | myisam_data_pointer_size | 6 | | myisam_max_sort_file_size | 9223372036853727232 | | myisam_mmap_size | 18446744073709551615 | | myisam_recover_options | OFF | | myisam_repair_threads | 1 | | myisam_sort_buffer_size | 8388608 | | myisam_stats_method | nulls_unequal | | myisam_use_mmap | OFF | | net_buffer_length | 16384 | | net_read_timeout | 30 | | net_retry_count | 10 | | net_write_timeout | 60 | | new | OFF | | old | OFF | | old_alter_table | OFF | | old_passwords | OFF | | open_files_limit | 15000 | | optimizer_prune_level | 1 | | optimizer_search_depth | 62 | | optimizer_switch | index_merge=on, | | | index_merge_union=on, | | | index_merge_sort_union=on, | | | index_merge_intersection=on| | pid_file | /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid | | plugin_dir | /usr/lib64/mysql/plugin | | port | 3306 | | preload_buffer_size | 32768 | | profiling | OFF | | profiling_history_size | 15 | | protocol_version | 10 | | pseudo_thread_id | 457 | | query_alloc_block_size | 8192 | | query_cache_limit | 1048576 | | query_cache_min_res_unit | 4096 | | query_cache_size | 0 | | query_cache_type | ON | | query_cache_wlock_invalidate | OFF | | query_prealloc_size | 8192 | | rand_seed1 | | | rand_seed2 | | | range_alloc_block_size | 4096 | | read_buffer_size | 131072 | | read_only | OFF | | read_rnd_buffer_size | 262144 | | relay_log | | | relay_log_index | | | relay_log_info_file | relay-log.info | | relay_log_purge | ON | | relay_log_space_limit | 0 | | report_host | | | report_password | | | report_port | 3306 | | report_user | | | rpl_recovery_rank | 0 | | secure_auth | OFF | | secure_file_priv | | | server_id | 0 | | skip_external_locking | ON | | skip_name_resolve | OFF | | skip_networking | OFF | | skip_show_database | OFF | | slave_compressed_protocol | OFF | | slave_exec_mode | STRICT | | slave_load_tmpdir | /tmp | | slave_max_allowed_packet | 1073741824 | | slave_net_timeout | 3600 | | slave_skip_errors | OFF | | slave_transaction_retries | 10 | | slow_launch_time | 2 | | slow_query_log | OFF | | slow_query_log_file | /var/run/mysqld/mysqld-slow.log| | socket | /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock| | sort_buffer_size | 2097144 | | sql_auto_is_null | ON | | sql_big_selects | ON | | sql_big_tables | OFF | | sql_buffer_result | OFF | | sql_log_bin | ON | | sql_log_off | OFF | | sql_log_update | ON | | sql_low_priority_updates | OFF | | sql_max_join_size | 18446744073709551615 | | sql_mode | | | sql_notes | ON | | sql_quote_show_create | ON | | sql_safe_updates | OFF | | sql_select_limit | 18446744073709551615 | | sql_slave_skip_counter | | | sql_warnings | OFF | | ssl_ca | | | ssl_capath | | | ssl_cert | | | ssl_cipher | | | ssl_key | | | storage_engine | MyISAM | | sync_binlog | 0 | | sync_frm | ON | | system_time_zone | PDT | | table_definition_cache | 256 | | table_lock_wait_timeout | 50 | | table_open_cache | 64 | | table_type | MyISAM | | thread_cache_size | 0 | | thread_handling | one-thread-per-connection| | thread_stack | 262144 | | time_format | %H:%i:%s | | time_zone | SYSTEM | | timed_mutexes | OFF | | timestamp | 1427092908 | | tmp_table_size | 16777216 | | tmpdir | /tmp | | transaction_alloc_block_size | 8192 | | transaction_prealloc_size | 4096 | | tx_isolation | REPEATABLE-READ | | unique_checks | ON | | updatable_views_with_limit | YES | | version | 5.1.73 | | version_comment | Source distribution | | version_compile_machine | x86_64 | | version_compile_os | redhat-linux-gnu | | wait_timeout | 28800 | | warning_count | 0 | +-----------------------------------------+--------------------------+ 277 rows in set (0.00 sec)
二、参考资料
官方资料：SHOW VARIABLES 和 SHOW STATUS 在 MySQL 文档中都已经很好地进行了定义。
Pingback引用通告： MySQL的配置方法 | 精彩每一天